Aristotles Categories :: Philosophy Aristotle

Aristotles CategoriesThings be said to be named equivocally when, though they put up a common name, the explanation corresponding with the name differs for each. thereof, a real man and a numeral in a picture can both(prenominal) lay deal to the name animal yet these atomic number 18 equivocally so named, for, though they have a common name, the comment corresponding with the name differs for each. For should any ace define in what sense each is an animal, his definition in the unmatchable content will be appropriate to that case only. On the opposite hand, things atomic number 18 said to be named univocally which have both the name and the definition answering to the name in common. A man and an ox ar both animal, and these be univocally so named, inasmuch as not only the name, further also the definition, is the same in both cases for if a man should raise in what sense each is an animal, the statement in the one case would be identical with that in the other. Th ings are said to be named derivatively, which fall their name from some other name, simply differ from it in termination. and then the grammarian derives his name from the word grammar, and the courageous man from the word courage. 2 Forms of speech are either simple or composite. Examples of the latter are such expressions as the man runs, the man wins of the former man, ox, runs, wins. Of things themselves some are predicable of a subject, and are never inclose in a subject. Thus man is predicable of the individual man, and is never present in a subject. By universe present in a subject I do not mean present as parts are present in a whole, but being incapable of existence apart from the said subject. Some things, again, are present in a subject, but are never predicable of a subject. For instance, a definite point of grammatical knowledge is present in the mind, but is not predicable of any subject or again, a certain whiteness may be present in the body (for people of col our requires a material basis), yet it is never predicable of anything. Other things, again, are both predicable of a subject and present in a subject. Thus succession knowledge is present in the human mind, it is predicable of grammar. There is, lastly, a crystalise of things which are neither present in a subject nor predicable of a subject, such as the individual man or the individual horse.