Greek Philosophy Essay

What Is Philosophy? Philosophy The studies of Graeco-Roman thinkers on activities and inquiries. It is also the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, noesis, or conduct. Philosophy focuses on three main types Stoicism irresolution Epicurean Philosophy consists of these philosophical beas Metaphysics philistinism Idealism Epistemology Empiricism Rationalism ethics Hedonism Cynicism Three briny Types Stoicism Refers to the knowledge of Aristotle oMind is a blank state, impressions are made by the 5 senses. Stoics deny the metaphysical points of view.oReal objects produce importunate feelings. oThe body and person are pairs that act and react to each other. Skepticism Examines as to what someone should believe- derived from Platos schooling Objections on skepticism oIts inscription to knowledgeable limitation is nonexistent. oIf knowledge is limited and judgment is not expressed, life story is presumed unlivable. Epicurean Formulated by Epicurus who b elieved school of thought was studied to make the soul happy. Happiness created with less wanting of materialistic things and more peace. Philosophical Areas Metaphysics grow of philosophy accountable for the study of existence.oAnswers what is? The foundation of philosophy oWithout metaphysics, we would not be able to comprehend the world or act accordingly to it. Materialism Refers to the simple focus of the material world. oEverything in the universe is outcome and matters. The philosophy is held by those who believed that material items are accountable for existence. Idealism Stresses the commutation ideal and spirit upual interpretations of experiences. oThey believe world exists as a spirit Two forms oMetaphysical idealism oEpistemological idealism Epistemology The investigation of grounds and nature of knowledge of theworld. oFocuses on the knowledge of differences between truths and falsehood. Fundamental aspect to how we think. Empiricism scheme of experience as prim ary source to our knowledge of the world. oLearning through perception. classical empiricism oRejection of innate, in-born knowledge and concepts Radical empiricism oExplains that all our knowledge is derived from our senses. talk over empiricism oDescribes the exceptions to general empiristic rules. Rationalism Philosophical movement that introduced mathematical method actings to philosophy.oCan be understood through mathematical and logicalprinciples, not sensory experiences. Ethics Branch of philosophy dealing with what is the proper action for humans. oAnswers What do I do? Requirement for human life, decides course of action. Hedonism Doctrine that states that all pleasure is naturally acceptable- good for the soul. Nothing but pleasure is good. Cynicism Described as a way of life, which consists of asceticism, anti-conformism, and anti-conventionalism. Basis of cynicism is the virtue of well being and a happy life. Philosophers Socrates Possibly the wisest sage of all time Contributions to philosophy oPithy sayings.oSocratic method of discussion oSocratic irony oSocratic method- saying he knows zip and that unexamined life is not worth living Participated in the military during the Peloponnesian War. oCommitted suicide by ingesting poison hemlock. Plato Fun fact Plato is not his current name- its Aristocles, but was later changed to Plato by his teachers Considered the most important philosopher to declare ever lived- father of Idealism. Thought the human soul contained reason, spirit, and appetite. Student and participator of Socrates.Impacted math, science, morals, and political theories with hisLegacy of the Academy schooling. Aristotle Student of Plato, teacher of black lovage the Great. Wrote on logic, nature, psychology, ethics, politics, and art. Developed deductive reasoning. Basis Aristotles syllogism Church utilise Aristotle to explain doctrines in the Middle Ages. Concept of Prime Element Thales act to find naturalistic explanatio ns of the world identified water as the net principle. Pythagoras Creator of Pythagorean Theorem believed earth was what encompassed all beings.Anaximenes Explained how air was universally chip in and is the source of all that exists.Heraclitus Disagreed with aforementioned philosophers and claimed fire was the classical element. Empedocles Created the cosmogenic surmise that composed of the four classical elements water, earth, fire, and air. 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